MLA citations

A guide to formatting in MLA style

The information below is drawn from the Modern Language Association Handbook, 9th edition. In order to find a more in-depth explanation of any item below, be sure to buy a copy for yourself or check one out from VCU Libraries.

Formatting and Styling Guidelines

Select a header below to learn more about writing in MLA.

Scholarly articles

Last name, First name. "Article Title." Journal Title in Italics and Title Case, volume, issue number, date of publication, location including page number(s) and DOI, if available. URL if accessed online and no DOI is available. Access date if accessed online.

Cohen, Michael. "Is Kermit the Frog in Trouble?" American Journal of Medical Genetics, vol. 104, no. 2, 2001, pp. 99-100, doi: 10.1002/ajmg.10001. Accessed 7 May 2019.

Work with three or more authors

Last name, First name, et. al. Book Title in Italics and Title Case, Publisher, year of publication.

Ambrose, Susan A., et. al. How Learning Works: Seven Research-Based Principals for Smart Teaching. Jossey-Bass, 2010.

Web page, author and date unknown

"Title of Web Page in Title Case."Website Title in Italics, URL. Access date.

"Kermit the Frog Puppet."Smithsonian National Museum of American History, https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_765593. Accessed 7 May 2019.

Need more examples?

Check out the online Purdue OWL guide for a comprehensive list of MLA Works Cited and in-text citation examples.